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learn Korean Language Lesson 17 - Korean Question Word - Where

Continue from Learn Korean Language Lesson 16 - Korean Sentence Endings Expressing Location or Existence,today we come to Learn Korean Lesson 17 - Korean Question Word - Where - 어디 [ eo-di ]. It has the same usage as English question word - where. 어디 is use to form Korean interrogative sentence (question). Use it like English word - where to ask questions such as where is it? where is the teacher? where is the toilet? etc, etc. Usually 어디 is use together with Korean Place Marker to ask question.
Korean Question Word - Where
Let’s Learn Korean question word 어디 today and use it in your conversation. Korean question word 어디 is use with Korean Place marker - 에 and Korean Sentence Endings Expressing Location or Existence - 있어요 to ask where something or someone is located.
• 선생님이 어디에 있어요? [ seon-saeng-nim-i-eo-di-e-i-sseo-yo ] - Where is the teacher?
• 시계가 어디에 있어요? [ si-kye-ga-eo-di-e-i-sseo-yo ] - Where is the watch?
• 화장실이 어디에 있어요? [ hwa-jang-si-ri-eo-di-e-i-sseo-yo ] - Where is the toilet?
• 집이 어디에 있어요? [ ji-bi-eo-di-e-i-sseo-yo ] - Where is your house?
• 책이 어디에 있어요? [ chae-gi-eo-di-e-i-sseo-yo ] - Where is the book?
When you are trying to find a more exact location, try to add the area you’re asking in front of the phrase 어디에 있어요? 어디 will goes at the middle of the Korean sentence.
• 부산 어디에 있어요? [ bu-san-eo-di-e-i-sseo-yo ] - Where in Busan?
• 서울 어디에 있어요? [ seo-ul-eo-di-e-i-sseo-yo ] - Where in Seoul?
• 신촌 어디에 있어요? [ sin-chon-eo-di-e-i-sseo-yo ] - Where in Sinchon?
• 인천 어디에 있어요? [ in-cheon-eo-di-e-i-sseo-yo ] - Where in Incheon?
• 상곡동 어디에 있어요? [ sang-gok-dong-eo-di-e-i-sseo-yo ] - Where in Sanggokdong?
Korean question word 어디 is use with Korean Place marker - 에서 when there are action Korean Verbs involve (에서 is a particle that indicates where the action conveyed by the verb phrase takes place. This Korean place marker is used with action verbs, with the exception of 있어요/없어요 and 가요/와요, which take the Korean place marker 에). We have learned this in the previous lesson.
• 어디에서 일해요? [ eo-di-e-seo-il-hae-yo ] - Where do you work?
• 어디에서 책을 읽어요? [ eo-di-e-seo-chae-geul-il-geo-yo ] - Where do you read the book?
• 어디에서 밥을 먹어요? [ eo-di-e-seo-ba-beul-meo-geo-yo ] - Where do you eat (your meals)?
• 어디에서 한국어를 공부해요? [ eo-di-e-seo-han-gu-geo-reul-gong-bu-hae-yo ] - Where do you study Korean?
• 어디에서 친구를 만나요? [ eo-di-e-seo-chin-gu-reul-man-na-yo ] - Where do you meet your friends?
Now, try to ask your friends 어디에 가요? [ eo-di-e-ga-yo ] - Where are you going? Continue to Learn Korean Language Lesson 18 - Korean Adverbs of Place - Here/There.
earn Korean Language Lesson 18 - Korean Adverbs of Place - Here/There

Continue from Learn Korean Language Lesson 17 - Korean Question Word - Where. Today we come to Learn Korean Lesson 18 - Korean Adverbs of Place - Here/There - 여기/저기/거기 [ yeo-gi/jeo-gi/geo-gi ]. We use 여기 (here) like English word - Here. But, don’t use 저기/거기 (there) like English word - There. In Korean, there are two way to say there, whether 저기/거기. Even though both 저기/거기 means there in English but the usage is different. This rule is same as Korean Demonstrative Adjectives - This/That/That.
Korean Adverbs of Place - Here/There
Korean Adverbs of Place - Here/There - 여기, 저기, and 거기 are used to refer to the proximity of things from the standpoint of the speaker or listener. Korean people use 여기 indicated something close to the speaker. 저기 indicated something far from both the speaker and the listener. In here, 거기 can use to indicate something mentioned earlier in conversation, or something close to the listener but far from the speaker.
• 여기는 식당이에요. [ yeo-gi-neun-sik-dang-i-e-yo ] - This is a cafetaria.
• 저기는 가게예요. [ jeo-gi-neun-ga-ge-ye-yo ] - That is a shop.
• 저기는 도서관이에요. [ jeo-gi-neun-do-seo-gwan-i-e-yo ] - That is a library.
Korean Question Word - Where - 어디 can be used with 여기, 저기, and 거기 when asking about places.
• 여기는 어디예요? [ yeo-gi-neun-eo-di-ye-yo ] - Where are we?
• 저기는 어디예요? [ jeo-gi-neun-eo-di-ye-yo ] - What is that (building) over there?
• 저기는 가게예요? [ jeo-gi-neun-ga-ge-ye-yo ] - Is there a store?
Korean Adverbs of Place - Here/There - 여기, 저기, and 거기 can be used with Korean Place Marker - 에서 when there are action Korean Verbs involve (에서 is a particle that indicates where the action conveyed by the verb phrase takes place. This Korean place marker is used with action verbs, with the exception of 있어요/없어요 and 가요/와요, which take the Korean place marker 에).
• 테리 씨는 여기에서 친구를 만나요. [ te-ri-ssi-neun-yeo-gi-e-seo-chin-gu-reul-man-na-yo ] - Terry meets his friends here.
• 비비안 씨는 저기에서 일해요. [ bi-bi-an-ssi-neun-jeo-gi-e-seo-il-hae-yo ] - Vivian works over there.
• 에미 씨는 저기에서 밥을 먹어요. [ e-mi-ssi-neun-jeo-gi-e-seo-ba-beul-meo-geo-yo ] - Amy eats (his meal) there.

Learn Korean Lesson 18 - Korean Adverbs of Place - Here/There
Summary of Korean Demonstrative Adjectives and Korean Adverbs of Place
이 (this) 그 (that) 저 (that)
When to use? Object near the speaker (1) Object near the listener
(2) Object is not visible to both speaker and listener Object away from both speaker and listener
Korean Demonstrative Adjectives
이 사람 - this person 그 사람 - that person 저 사람 - that person
Pronoun (with Korean Subject Marker - 이)
이게 - this thing 그게 - that thing 저게 - tat thing
Pronoun (with Korean Topic Marker - 은)
이건 - this thing 그건 - that thing 저건 - that thing
Korean Adverbs 여기 - here 거기 - there 저기 - there
감사합니다 - Thank you!
Learn Korean Language Lesson 19 - Korean Position Words

Continue from Lesson 18 - Korean Adverbs of Place - Here/There. Today we come to Learn Korean Lesson 19 - Korean Position Words. In this Learn Korean Language Lesson, we will learn Korean Position Words in order to ask or answer questions about the location of something. By the end of the lesson you will be able to ask for things you are looking for as well as help others find what they are looking for. Korean Place Marker is used with the Korean Position Words to indicate where an object or a person is located.
Korean Position Words
Korean Position Words - - 위 [ wi ] - on/above, 아래 [ a-rae ] - under, 앞 [ ap ] - in front of, 뒤 [ dwi ] - behind, 옆 [ yeop ] - beside/next to, 안 [ an ] - inside, 밖 [ bak ] - outside, 사이 [ sa-i ] - between, followed by Korean place marker - 에 is used to indicate where an object or a person is located, the object or person is place before the Korean position words. Use them like English position words - on/above, under, in front of, behind, beside/next to, inside, outside, between. See examples below.
• 의자 위에 [ ui-ja-wi-e ] - on the chair
• 의자 아래에 [ ui-ja-a-rae-e ] - under the chair
• 책상 앞에 [ chaek-sang-ap-e ] - in front of the desk
• 책상 뒤에 [ chaek-sang-dwi-e ] - behind the desk
• 컴퓨터 옆에 [ keom-pyu-teo-yeop-e ] - next to the computer
• 냉장고 안에 [ naeng-jang-go-an-e ] - inside the refrigerator
• 냉장고 밖에 [ naeng-jang-go-ba-gge ] - outside the refrigerator
• 사과하고 시계 사이에 [ sa-gwa-ha-go-si-kye-sa-i-e ] - between the watch and the apple
Korean Sentence Endings Expressing Location or Existence - 있다/없다 is use together with Korean position words to expresses location or existence. With Korean Informal Polite Sentence Endings, 있다/없다 will become 있어요/없어요 which are casual but polite sentence endings commonly used in everyday life. Use 있어요 when something exist, 없어요 when something does not. Usually, the pattern for using Korean position words to expresses location or existence is “-이/가 (Korean Subject Marker) + Nouns + Korean position words-에 (Korean Place Marker) + 있다/없다 (Korean Verbs)”. See examples below.
• 책이 책상 위에 있어요. [ chae-gi-chaek-sang-wi-e-i-sseo-yo ] - The book is on the desk.
• 사과가 의자 아래에 있어요. [ sa-gwa-ga-ui-ja-a-rae-e-i-sseo-yo ] - The apple is under the chair.
• 가게가 집 앞에 있어요. [ ga-ge-ga-jip-ap-e-i-sseo-yo ] - The store is in front of the house.
• 식당이 도서관 뒤에 있어요. [ sik-dang-i-do-seo-gwan-dwi-e-i-sseo-yo ] - The restaurant is behind the library.
• 컴퓨터가 텔레비전 옆에 있어요. [ keom-pyu-teo-ga-tel-re-bi-jeon-yeop-e-i-sseo-yo ] - The computer is next to the television set.
• 우산이 가방 안에 있어요. [ u-san-i-ga-bang-an-e-i-sseo-yo ] - The umbrella is in the bag.
But with the Korean position word - 사이 (between), 저 with 하고 (Korean Conjunction - And) will be use rather than 제. Koreans use 제 with most position words, but 저 and 하고 with 사이. See examples below.
• 의자가 제 앞에 있어요. [ ui-ja-ga-je-ap-e-i-sseo-yo ] - The chair is in front of me.
• 의자가 저하고 책상 사이에 있어요 [ ui-ja-ga-jeo-ha-go-chaek-sang-sa-i-e-i-sseo-yo ] - The chair is between me and the desk.
Now, you can try to make your own Korean sentences with Korean Position Words. Please remember that 있어요/없어요 always come at the end. Please go to Korean Language Reading Practice 8 - I live in a dormitory and Korean Language Reading Practice 9 - There is no bed in my room to learn new Korean vocabulary and Korean expression. Continue to Learn Korean Language Lesson 20 - Korean Time Marker.

Learn Korean Lesson 19 - Korean Position Words
감사합니다 - Thank you!
Learn Korean Language Lesson 20 - Korean Time Marker

Continue from Lesson 19 - Korean Position Words. Today we come to Learn Korean Lesson 20 - Korean Time Marker - 에 [ e ]. In this Learn Korean Language Lesson, we will learn Korean Time Marker. You may wonder why it is the same as Korean Place Marker. In Korean, 에 has two functions, it can be use as Korean Place Marker or Korean Time Marker, but how and what’s the different between both of them? Next lesson, you will learn Korean Days of The Week, so it is very important for you to know Time Marker.
Korean Time Marker
As mentioned earlier, places are marked by the Korean Place Marker, we use Korean Place Marker - 에 after the place name. When used with Korean Verbs - 가다/오다 or Korean Sentence Endings Expressing Location or Existence - 있다/없다, the 에 can denote destination, refer Learn Korean Language Lesson 15 and Learn Korean Language Lesson 16. In Korean, times are also marked by the Korean Time Marker - 에, Korean Place Marker - 에 can also be attached to a noun to indicate time. Place the Korean time marker after the time such as 토요일에, 주말에, 오전에, 오후에 etc, etc. See examples below.
• 언제 한국어 수업이 있어요? [ eon-je-han-gu-geo-su-eo-bi-i-sseo-yo ] - When do you have Korean class?
• 토요일에 있어요. [ to-yo-il-e-i-sseo-yo ] - I have class on Saturday.
• 무슨 요일에 티파니 씨를 만나요? [ mu-seun-yo-il-e-ti-pa-ni-ssi-reul-man-na-yo ] - Which day do you meet Tiffany?
• 금요일에 만나요. [ geum-yo-il-e-man-na-yo ] - I meet her on Friday.
Use Korean Time Marker - 에 only once in a sentence. Place it after the smallest interval of time. However, Korean Place Marker and Korean Time Marker may appears together in one sentence.
• 다음 달 18일(십팔일) 저녁에 시간 있어요? [ da-eum-dal-sip-pal-il-jeo-nyeok-e-si-gan-i-sseo-yo ] - Do you have time in the evening on 18th of next month?
• 무슨 요일에 학교에 가요? [ mu-seun-yo-il-e-hak-gyo-e-ga-yo ] - Which days do you go to school?
• 월요일에 학교에 가요. [ wo-ryeo-il-e-hak-gyo-e-ga-yo ] - I go to school on Monday.
• 저녁 8시에 (여덟시에) 집에 가요. [ jeo-nyeok-yeo-deol-si-e-ji-be-ga-yo ] - I go home at 8 in the evening.
There are many new Korean words in the examples above, we will learn them in the future, for the time being, just remember that places and time are marked by Korean Place Marker and Korean Time Marker - 에. Both of them can be summarize to English words as below.
• 에 - to (Korean Place Marker)
• 에 - at, in, on (Korean Place Marker)
• 에 - at, in ,on (Korean Time Marker)
However, Korean Time Marker - 에 is not used after 어제 [ eo-je] - yesterday, 오늘 [ o-neul ] - today, 내일 [ nae-il ] - tomorrow, 지금 [ ji-geum ] - now. Now, you may continue to the next lesson Learn Korean Language Lesson 21 - Korean Days of The Week. For more abo
earn Korean Language Lesson 21 - Korean Days of The Week

Continue from Lesson 20 - Korean Time Marker. Today we come to Learn Korean Lesson 21 - Korean Days of The Week. In this Learn Korean Language Lesson, we will learn Korean years, months and Korean days of the week, continuously you will learn how to talk in Korean about some of the activities you do between weekdays - 주중 [ ju-jung ] and weekend - 주말 [ ju-mal ]. What kinds of things do you do during the week? Well, you probably to do a wide variety of things, besides studying Korean, of course.
Korean Days of The Week
In Korean, Korean Time Marker- 에 is place behind each Korean days of the week to indicate time and dates are read with the Sino-Korean numbers from the largest to the smallest unit - year first, the month, then the day last. For example, 2006 년 8 월 15 일 will be read as 이천 육 년 팔 월 십오 일 [ i-cheon-yuk-nyeon-pal-wol-sip-o-il ] . Korean Time Marker- 에 is place behind each Korean days of the week to indicate time.Unlike English, In Korean, years are never read two units at a time. 1990 will not read separately as 19 and 90. Months are read as follow:
• January - 일월 [ il-wol ]
• February - 이월 [ i-wol ]
• March - 삼월 [ sam-wol ]
• April - 사월 [ sa-wol ]
• May - 오월 [ o-wol ]
• *June - 육월 -> 유월 [ yu-wol ]
• July - 칠월 [ chil-wol ]
• August - 팔월 [ pal-wol ]
• September - 구월 [ gu-wol ]
• *October - 십월 -> 시월 [ si-wol ]
• November - 십일월 [ sip-il-wol ]
• December - 십이월 [ sip-i-wol ]
However, there are two exception, for June and October, they are 유월 [ yu-wol ] and 시월 [si-wol ] rather than 육월 [ yuk-wol ] and 십월 [ sip-wol]. Korean days of the week are as below. Each of them name by the nature of the earth. 월 [ wol ] means moon, 화 [ hwa ] means fire, 수 [ su ] means water, 목 [ mok ] means tree or wood, 금 [ geum ] means iron, 토 [ to ] means soil, 일 [ il ] means sun. 요일 [ yo-il ] in Korean is means days of the week. Memorize it by 월, 화, 수, 목, 금, 토, 일.
Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday
월요일 [ wo-ryo-il ] 화요일 [ hwa-yo-il ] 수요일 [ su-yo-il ] 목요일 [ mo-gyo-il ] 금요일 [ geu-myo-il ] 토요일 [ to-yo-il ] 일요일 [ i-ryo-il ]
Korean days of the week have to come at the end of dates. Ex 2006년 8월 15일 월요일. Korean Question Word - What Kind Of can be use with Korean days of the week to ask question as follow:
• 오늘이 무슨 요일이에요? [ o-neu-ri-mu-seun-yo-il-i-e-yo ] - What day of the week is it?
• 무슨 요일에 티파니 씨를 만나요? [ mu-seun-yo-il-e-ti-pa-ni-ssi-reul-man-na-yo ] - Which day do you meet Tiffany?
• 무슨 요일에 학교에 가요? [ mu-seun-yo-il-e-hak-gyo-e-ga-yo ] - Which days do you go to school?
Korean question words - when - 언제 [ eon-je ] and what day - 며칠 [ myeo-chil ] can be use with Korean days of the week to ask question too, we will learn this in the future. Now, you may continue to the next lesson Learn Korean Language Lesson 22 - Korean Negation - Not/Don’t. For more about Korean language, you may go to Korean.

Learn Korean Lesson 21 - Korean Days of The Week
감사합니다 - Thank you!
earn Korean Language Lesson 22 - Korean Negation - Not/Don’t

Continue from Learn Korean Language Lesson 21 - Korean Days of The Week. Today we come to Learn Korean Lesson 22 - Korean Negation. In this Learn Korean Language Lesson, we will learn Korean Negation - 안 [ an ]. Negate Korean Action Verbs (view Korean Verbs) and Korean Descriptive Verbs (view Korean Adjectives) by placing 안 in front of the Korean verbs. Use Korean Negation - 안 like English word - not or don’t. Korean Negation - 안 is used in front of a Korean verb or a Korean adjective to express negation.
Korean Negation
안 refers to one’s unwillingness. However, you must take note of 하다 action verbs. See examples below. Examples for Korean action verbs (but not 하다 action verbs) and Korean descriptive verbs.
• 안 가요. [ an-ga-yo ] - I don’t go.
• 안 마셔요. [ an-ma-syeo-yo ] - I don’t drink.
• 안 먹어요. [ an-meo-geo-yo ] - I don’t eat.
• 안 자요. [ an-ja-yo ] - I don’t sleep.
• 안 사요. [ an-sa-yo ] - I don’t buy.
• 안 예뻐요. [ an-ye-bbeo-yo ] - It is not pretty.
• 안 길어요. [ an-gi-reo-yo ] - It is not long.
• 안 커요. [ an-keo-yo ] - It is not big.
• 안 넓어요. [ an-neol-beo-yo ] - It is not broad.
• 안 비싸요. [ an-bi-ssa-yo ] - It is not expensive.
• 안 추워요. [ an-chu-wo-yo ] - I’m not cold.
• 안 졸려요. [ an-jol-ryeo-yo ] - I’m not sleepy.
• 안 기뻐요. [ an-gi-bbeo-yo ] - I’m not happy.
However, in compound Korean verbs (하다 action verbs), 안 has to be inserted directly between the noun and the verb. For example the compound verb 공부하다 (action verb) - to study, which consist of 공부 (study, noun) and 하다 (to do, verb). So it is wrong if you put 안 infront of 공부하다, you should put in between, 공부 안 해요 will be the correct one. The same rule apply to other compound verbs such as 일하다, 운동하다, 사랑하다. In short, for 하다 action verbs, 안 goes between the noun and 해요.
• 일 안 해요. [ il-an-hae-yo ] - I don’t work.
• 공부 안 해요. [ gong-bu-an-hae-yo ] - I don’t study.
• 운동 안 해요. [ un-dong-an-hae-yo ] - I don’t exercise.
• 사랑 안 해요. [ sa-rang-an-hae-yo ] - I don’t love.
• 노래 안 해요. [ no-rae-an-hae-yo ] - I don’t sing.
But there is an exception for this rule. For Korean 하다 action verb 좋아하다 - to like. 안 is place in front of 좋아해요 rather than in between. So it is wrong if you put 안 between 좋아해요, you should put in front of it, 안 좋아해요 - I don’t like, will be the correct one. However, for all Korean descriptive verbs, 안 is place in front of the Korean descriptive verbs. See examples below.
• 안 피곤해요. [ an-pi-gon-hae-yo ] - I’m not tired.
• 안 건강해요. [ an-geon-gang-hae-yo ] - I’m not healthy.
• 안 중요해요. [ an-jung-yo-hae-yo ] - It is not important.
• 안 이상해요. [ an-i-sang-hae-yo ] - It is not strange.
• 안 복잡해요. [ an-bok-jap-hae-yo ] - It is not jammed.
Now, you can try to make your own Korean sentences with Korean Negation - 안 and what you have learned from the previous Learn Korean Lessons such as Korean Place Marker or Korean Days of The Week. You can use Korean Negation - 안 to answer question too. See examples below.
• 저는 커피를 안 마셔요. [ jeo-neun-ko-pi-reul-an-ma-syeo-yo ] - I don’t drink coffee.
• 오늘 학교에 안 가요. [ o-neul-hak-gyo-e-an-ga-yo ] - I don’t go to school today.
• 주말에 운동해요? [ ju-ma-re-un-dong-hae-yo ] - Do you exercise on weekends?
• 운동 안 해요. [ un-dong-an-hae-yo ] - No, I don’t (exercise)
Continue to Learn Korean Language Lesson 23 - Korean Conjunction - And.
감사합니다 - Thank you!
nguage
Learn Korean Language Lesson 23 - Korean Conjunction - And

Continue from Lesson 22 - Korean Negation - Not/Don’t. Today we come to Learn Korean Lesson 23 - Korean Conjunction - And. In this Learn Korean Language Lesson, we will learn Korean Conjunction - And - 하고 [ ha-go ]. 하고 (and) is use to connect two nouns, use it like English conjunction “and” when joining two Korean nouns (view Korean Vocabulary - Things). We have seen this Korean conjunction - 하고 in Learn Korean Language Lesson 19 - Korean Position Words.
Korean Conjunction - And
Do you remember that for Korean position word - 사이 (between), 저 with 하고 will be use rather than 제. Koreans use 제 with most position words, but 저 and 하고 with 사이. Korean Conjunction - 하고 means “and”. It is very important for you to know that this Korean conjunction is used only with nouns. To connect two nouns, use 하고 between the two Korean nouns as you would use English conjunction - and. See examples below.
• 비빔밥하고 김치. [ bi-bim-bap-ha-go-kim-chi ] - Bibimbap and Kimchi.
• 샌드위치하고 커피. [ saen-deu-wi-chi-ha-go-keo-pi ] - Sandwich and coffee.
• 사과하고 빵을 먹어요. [ sa-gwa-ha-go-bbang-eul-meo-geo-yo ] - I eat an apple and bread.
In English, we use “and” to connect words, phrases, or clauses that have the same grammatical function in a construction, “and” used to connect grammatically coordinate words, phrases, or clauses; along or together with; as well as; in addition to; besides; also; moreover. But in Korean, rather than using 하고, we used the only 고 when connecting two sentences.
고 is a coordinating conjunction that can be used to connect two simple chronological sentences on an equal basis. See example below.
• 한국어를 공부하고 친구를 만나요. [ han-gu-geo-reul-gong-bu-ha-go-chin-gu-reul-man-na-yo ] - I study Korean and meet my friend.
Don’t get confuse with the example above. 공부하고 is form from Korean Verbs - 공부하다, 공부하다 plus 고 become 공부하고. Beside this, 고 can be used to join together related characteristics of a noun. See example below.
• 김치가 싸고 맛있어요. [ kim-chi-ga-ssa-go-ma-si-sseo-yo ] - Kimchi is inexpensive and delicious.
It can also be used to enumerate events and conditions of similar characteristics. See example below.
• 헨리는 텔레비전을 보고 저는 책을 읽어요. [ hen-ri-neun-tel-re-bi-jeon-eul-bo-go-jeo-neun-chae-geul-il-geo-yo ] - Henry watches television, and I read a book.
Last but not least, Korean Conjunction - 하고 can be used like English “with”, when doing something with somebody, use 하고 after the person. You may use 누구하고 when asking the question “with whom?”. See examples below.
• 누구하고 식사해요? [ nu-gu-ha-go-sik-sa-hae-yo ] - Who are you eating with?
• 친구하고 같이 식사해요. [ chin-gu-ha-go-ga-chi-sik-sa-hae-yo ] - I’m eating together with my friend.
• 저는 혼자 식사해요. [ jeo-neun-hon-ja-sik-sa-hae-yo ] - I’m eating by myself.
In the examples above, 같이 [ ga-chi ] (view Korean pronunciation) means together, 혼자 [ hon-ja ] means alone. Now, you can try to make your own Korean sentences with Korean Conjunction - 하고 (and) and what you have learned from the previous Learn Korean Lessons such as Korean Days of The Week, Korean Position Words.. etc, etc and don’t forget to memorize the Korean Verbs and Korean Adjectives, with Korean Sentence Ending Form. Please go to Korean Language Reading Practice 10 - Today is Saturday and Korean Language Reading Practice 11 - What do you do on weekends? to learn new Korean vocabulary and Korean expression. Continue to Learn Korean Language Lesson 24 - Korean Counting Units.
감사합니다 - Thank you!
arn Korean Language Lesson 24 - Korean Counting Units

Continue from Lesson 23 - Korean Conjunction - And. Today we come to Learn Korean Lesson 24 - Korean Counting Units. In this Learn Korean Language Lesson, we will learn Korean Counting Units. This counting unit changes depending upon the thing that is being counted. Korean numbers 1 to 4 and 20 change forms a bit before counting units. You must learn this lesson in order to shopping in Korea. Before we look at Korean Counting Units, let’s do some revision of pure/native Korean numbers.
Korean Counting Units
There are brief explanation of Korean numbers previously in Emagasia. The Korean numbers system have two sets of numbers, the native Korean number system and a number system that has its roots in Chinese, called the Sino-Korean numbers (Chinese derived numbers). When counting, use Korean native numbers, below are partial list of Korean numbers, view Korean numbers for others.
1 하나 [ ha-na ] 11열하나 [ yeol-ha-na ] 30 서른 [ seo-reun ]
2 둘 [ dul ] 12 열둘 [ yeol-dul ] 40 마흔 [ ma-heun ]
3 셋 [ set ] 13 열셋 [ yeol-set ] 50 쉰 [ swin ]
4 넷 [ net ] 14 열넷 [ yeol-net ] 60 예순 [ ye-sun]
5 다섯 [ da-seot ] 15 열다섯 [ yeol-da-seot ] 70 일흔 [ il-reun ]
6 여섯 [ yeo-seot ] 16 열여섯 [ yeo-ryeo-seot ] 80 여든 [ yeo-deun ]
7 일곱 [ il-gop ] 17 열일곱 [ yeo-ril-gop ] 90 아흔 [ a-heun ]
8 여덟 [ yeo-deol ] 18 열여덟 [ yeo-ryeo-deol ] 100 백 [ baek ]
9 아홉 [ a-hop ] 19 열아홉 [ yeo-ra-hop ]
10 열 [ yeol ] 20 스물 [ seu-mul ]
Therefore, Korean Counting Units is place after the native Korean number. When counting things or the number of people, put the object first, the native Korean number, followed by a counting unit. The Korean Counting Units varies depending on the noun it follows. For instance, 권 follows books, 개 follows balls, 잔 follows a cup of coffee, 병 follows a bottle of beer. In addition, when numbers and counting units are used together, numbers take different forms. Without counting units, they are 하나, 둘, 셋, 넷, 스물, but with counting units, they are changed to 한, 두, 세, 네, 스무 when placed in front of a counter. The same rules applies to higher numbers such as 열하나, 열둘, 열셋, 열넷 etc, etc. See examples below.
• 하나 - 한 개 [ han-gae ]
• 둘 - 두 개 [ du-gae ]
• 셋 - 세 개 [ se-gae ]
• 넷 - 네 개 [ ne-gae ]
• 다섯 - 다섯 개 [ da-seot-gae ]
• 스물 - 스무 개 [ seu-mu-gae ]
As what stated above, native Korean numbers will be used with counting units. Without the Korean Counting Units, Korean numbers 하나, 둘, 셋, 넷, 스물 will be used for counting people or things in Korean. Therefore, the order of the sentence will be the number of people, or the object first, then the native Korean number. Adding 주세요 after the noun means requesting something for the speaker (Korean Requests, Suggestions, or Commands). See examples below.
• 공책 하나 주세요. [ gong-chaek-ha-na-ju-se-yo ] - Give me one notebook, please.
• 사과 하나 주세요. [ sa-gwa-ha-na-ju-se-yo ] - Give me one apple, please.
• 맥주 둘 주세요. [ maek-ju-dul-ju-se-yo ] - Give me two beers, please.
• 오렌지 둘 주세요. [ o-ren-ji-dul-ju-se-yo ] - Give me two oranges, please.
• 커피 셋 주세요. [ keo-pi-set-ju-se-yo ] - Give me three cups of coffee, please.
• 콜라 넷 주세요. [ kol-la-net-ju-se-yo ] - Give me four cola, please.
However, please remember that 하나, 둘, 셋, 넷, 스물 are changed to 한, 두, 세, 네, 스무 when placed in front of a counter. 병, 개, 잔 are counting units. In Korean, there is a variety of counting units to count objects. Each counting unit is used for a specific category of nouns. 개 is used widely to count general inanimate items, 병 is used for bottles, 잔 is used for cups or glasses, 마리 is used for animals (view Korean Vocabulary - Animals), 벌 is used for clothing, 켤레 is used for footwear, 대 is used for bigger things such as Home Electronic Appliances, car etc, etc. Here are only some examples of Korean counting units. For those not here, consult with a Korean speaker and/or an English-Korean dictionary.
Korean Objects Native Korean Numbers Korean Counting Units
공 [ gong ] - ball 한 [ han ] 개 [ gae ]
맥주 [ maek-ju ] - beer 두 [ du ] 병 [ byeong ]
커피 [ keo-pi ] - coffee 세 [ se ] 잔 [ jan ]
사진 [ sa-jin ] - photo 네 [ ne ] 장 [ jang ]
책 [ chaek ] - book 다섯 [ da-seot ] 권 [ gwon ]
꽃 [ ggot ] - flower 여섯 [ yeo-seot ] 송이 [ song-i]
호랑 [ ho-rang ] - tiger 일곱 [ il-gop ] 마리 [ ma-ri ]
셔츠 [ syeo-cheu ] - shirt 여덟 [ yeo-deol ] 벌 [ beol ]
양말 [ yang-mal ] - socks 아홉 [ a-hop ] 켤레 [ kyeol-le ]
컴퓨터 [ keom-pyu-teo ] - computer 열 [ yeol ] 대 [ dae ]
Korean Place Marker or Korean Time Marker - 에 is attached to the counting unit when expressing the number of items. See examples below.
• 한 개에 얼마예요? [ han-gae-e-eol-ma-ye-yo ] - How much is it for one?
• 두 병에 천오백 원이에요. [ du-byeong-e-cheon-o-baek-won-i-e-yo ] - It’s 1500 won for two bottles.
Now, you can try to make your own Korean sentences with Korean Counting Units, Korean numbers and what you have learned from the previous Learn Korean Lessons. Don’t forget to memorize the Korean Verbs and Korean Adjectives, with Korean Sentence Ending Form. Try Korean Language Exercises 7 and continue to Learn Korean Language Lesson 25 - Korean Currency.
감사합니다 - Thank you!
earn Korean Language Lesson 25 - Korean Currency

Continue from Lesson 24 - Korean Counting Units. Today we come to Learn Korean Lesson 25 - Korean Currency. In this Learn Korean Language Lesson, we will learn Korean Currency - Won. We will learn how to read prices in Korean by using Sino-Korean numbers which was derived from Chinese numbers. Korean question word - how much - 얼마 [ eol-ma], is always use together with Korean Sentence Endings Expressing Identification - 예요 to ask “How much is this?” - 얼마예요? [ eol-ma-ye-yo ].
Korean Currency
얼마예요? is used to ask the price of an item. We will learn this in the future. In the mean time, just use 얼마예요? like English “How much is this?” You must learn this lesson in order to shopping in Korea. The unit of Korean currency is won - 원 [ won ]. Korean won is considered as the national currency both in north and South Korea. The Central Bank of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea issues the Won. Korean won has originated from the Japanese Yen and the Chinese Yuan. In Korean, prices are read with Sino-Korean numbers. Although a comma is commonly placed after three digits, numbers are read with the basic unit 만 [ man ] - 10000, the fourth digit.
1 9 2 , 6 7 | 5 , 8 3 0
억 천만 백만 십만 만 | 천 백 십
When reading prices, the Sino-Korean/Chinese derived Korean numbers such as 일, 이, 삼, 사, 오 are used (view Korean Numbers for more). See examples below.
• 500원 - 오백 원 [ o-baek-won ]
• 28350원 - 이만 팔천 삼백 오십 원 [ i-man-pal-cheon-sam-baek-o-sip-won ]
• 350000원 - 삼십 오만 원 [ sam-sip-o-man-won ]
Although in English we say “one thousand,” “one hundred,” etc. In Korean, when there is number starting with one, the “one” is not said.
• 100원 - 백 원 [ baek-won ]
• 129원 - 백 이십 구 원 [ baek-i-sip-gu-won ]
• 1200원 - 천 이백 원 [ cheon-i-baek-won ]
• 10000원 - 만 원 [ man-won ]
• 130000원 - 십 삼만 원 [ sip-sam-man-won ]
You must be careful that when the “one” is not the first digit, it is pronounced!
• 1100 - 천 일백 [ cheon-il-baek ]
• 21300 - 이만 일천 삼백 [ i-man-il-cheon-sam-baek ]
• 210000 - 이십 일만 [ i-sip-il-man ]
However, most of the Koreans omit the 일 [ il ] when they use the currency with the Korean number. For the examples above, by saying
• 1100원 - 천 백 원 [ cheon-baek-won ]
• 21300원 - 이만 천 삼백 원 [ i-man-cheon-sam-baek-won ]
will be correct too. Please don’t confuse with 210000원 - 이십 일만 원, we cannot just say 이십 만 원 (200000원), because both of them are 10000원 different! Please take note that the pronunciation of the following will be change due to Korean pronunciation rules (will cover in the future).
• 16 - 십육 will be read as 심뉵 [ sim-nyuk ]
• 60000 - 육만 will be read as 융만 [ yung-man ]
• 100000 - 십만 will be read as 심만 [ sim-man ]
• 1000000 - 백만 will be read as 뱅만 [ baeng-man ]
See table below:
십만 만 천 백 십
5 0 0 원
2 8 3 5 0 원
3 5 0 0 0 0 원
————————————————————————————————————
1 (백) 0 0 원
1 (천) 2 0 0 원
1 (만) 0 0 0 0 원
1 (십) 3 0 0 0 0 원
————————————————————————————————————
1 1 (일백) 0 0 원
2 1 (일천) 3 0 0 원
2 1 (일만) 0 0 0 0 원
Now, you can try to make your own Korean sentences with Korean Currency, Korean numbers and what you have learned from the previous Learn Korean Lessons. Try to ask 얼마예요? when you have a chance to shopping in Korea. Don’t forget to memorize the Korean Verbs and Korean Adjectives, with Korean Sentence Ending Form. Continue to Learn Korean Language Lesson 26 - Korean Requests, Suggestions, or Commands.
감사합니다 - Thank you!
earn Korean Language Lesson 26 - Korean Requests, Suggestions, or Commands

Continue from Lesson 25 - Korean Currency. Today we come to Lesson 26 - Korean Requests, Suggestions, or Commands - (으)세요. In this Learn Korean Language Lesson, we will learn Korean Requests, Suggestions, or Commands. Everyday, we make requests, suggestions, or commands, let’s learn how to make Korean requests, suggestions, or commands in a polite manner. Learning this Korean Requests, Suggestions, or Commands will make your future shopping experiences (perhaps in Korea) more enjoyable!
Korean Requests, Suggestions, or Commands
Do you remember that we have seen 주세요 [ ju-se-yo ] in Learn Korean Language Lesson 24 - Korean Counting Units? Adding 주세요 after the noun means requesting something for the speaker. Do you know that 주세요 is form by joining Korean Verbs - 주다 means to give, together with Korean sentence ending (으)세요 [ (eu)se-yo ] - view Korean Sentence Ending Form? When asking for something, use 주세요 after the Korean noun (the thing you’re asking for), it is just like English “Give me (noun) please”. Use the formula - “Noun + Native Korean number + Korean Counting Units + 주세요” when asking for a specific amount of some noun. See examples below.
• 영수증 주세요. [ yeong-su-jeung-ju-se-yo ] - Give me a receipt, please.
• 표 4(네)장 주세요. [ pyo-ne-jang-ju-se-yo ] - Give me four tickets, please.
• 커피 한 잔 주세요. [ keo-pi-han-jan-ju-se-yo ] - Give me one cup of coffee, please.
• 빵 두 개 주세요. [ bbang-du-gae-ju-se-yo ] - Give me two pieces of bread, please.
• 맥주 세 병 주세요. [ maek-ju-se-byeong-ju-se-yo ] - Give me three bottles of beer, please.
Use 좀 [ jom ] (which also means “please”) between the Korean noun and 주세요 to make the sentence sound softer and more polite. When asking something free, such as water in Korean restaurant, 좀 must be use. When asking for more, add 더 [ deo ] in front of 주세요.
• 물 좀 주세요. [ mul-jom-ju-se-yo ] - Give me some water, please.
• 물 좀 더 주세요. [ mul-jom-deo-ju-se-yo ] - Give me some more water, please.
• 김치 좀 주세요. [ kim-chi-jom-ju-se-yo ] - Give me some Kimchi, please.
• 김치 좀 더 주세요. [ kim-chi-jom-deo-ju-se-yo ] - Give me some more Kimchi, please.
As stated above, besides of 주세요, we can use Korean sentence ending (으)세요 to make polite requests, suggestions, or commands. 세요 is added to a verb stems ending with a vowel (no batchim) and 으세요 is used if the verb stem ends with a consonant (with batchim) - view Korean Syllable Final Consonants. “지 마세요” [ ji-ma-se-yo ] is use to form negative commands (we will learn this in the future). Now, see examples below:
세요 is added to a verb stems ending with a vowel (no batchim).
• 하다 - 하세요 [ ha-se-yo ] - do, please.
• 오다 - 오세요 [ o-se-yo ] - come, please.
• 사다 - 사세요 [ sa-se-yo ] - buy, please .
• 가다 - 가세요 [ ga-se-yo ] - go, please.
으세요 is used if the verb stem ends with a consonant (with batchim).
• 읽다 - 읽으세요 [ il-geu-se-yo ] - read, please.
• 입다 - 입으세요 [ i-beu-se-yo ] - wear, please.
• 듣다 - 들으세요 [ deu-reu-se-yo ] - listen, please.
• 만들다 - 만드세요 [ man-deu-se-yo ] - make, please.
Do you remember that in Korean Basic Conversation we have learned 안녕히 가세요 [ ann-yeong-hi-ka-se-yo ] - good bye (to person leaving)? Literally, 가세요 is “go, please”, so 안녕히 가세요 is say by the host who is bidding his/her guests good bye, the guest is leaving. Now, you can try to make your own Korean sentences with Korean Requests, Suggestions, or Commands - (으)세요, you may read the examples below before you make your own! Don’t forget to memorize the Korean Verbs and Korean Adjectives, with Korean Sentence Ending Form. View Korean Language Reading Practice 14 - How much is this Bag? Continue to Learn Korean Language Lesson 27 - Korean Present Tense.
• 집에 오세요. [ ji-be-o-se-yo ] - Come home, please.
• 책을 읽으세요. [ chae-geul-il-geu-se-yo ] - Read a book, please.
• 볼펜을 사세요. [ bol-pen-eul-sa-se-yo ] - Buy (me) a ballpoint pen, please.
• 셔츠를 입으세요. [ syeo-cheu-reul-i-beu-se-yo ] - Put on (your) shirt, please.
감사합니다 - Thank you!
Learn Korean Language Lesson 27 - Korean Present Tense

Continue from Lesson 26 - Korean Requests, Suggestions, or Commands. Today we come to Lesson Korean Present Tense. In this lesson, we will learn Korean Present Tense. Do you remember that we have learn Korean Informal Polite Sentence Endings in Learn Korean Language Lesson 13? Korean present tense is same as what we have learned before. In English, there are past tense, present tense and future tense. There are past tense, present tense and future tense in Korean too.
Korean Present Tense
-아요/어요 [ a-yo/eo-yo ] are casual but polite sentence endings which are commonly used in everyday life such as shopping, buying tickets, and asking directions etc, etc. It is use to form all present tense verbs (verbs in the present tense). When a verb stem ends with the vowel ㅏ or ㅗ, -아요 is added. See examples below.
• 가다 [ ga-da ] + -아요 = 가요 [ ga-yo ] - to go
• 사다 [ sa-da ] + -아요 = 사요 [ sa-yo ] - to buy
• 자다 [ ja-da ] + -아요 = 자요 [ ja-yo ] - to sleep
• 오다 [ o -da ] + -아요 = 와요 [ wa-yo ] - to come
• 보다 [ bo-da ] + -아요 = 봐요 [ bwa-yo ] - to see
When a verb stem ends with a vowel other than ㅏ or ㅗ, -어요 is added. But verb stems ending with a vowel ㅣ, ㅣ + -어요 results in -여요. For example, 마시다 becomes 마셔요 and 가르치다 becomes 가르쳐요.
• 주다 [ ju-da ] + -어요 = 줘요 [ jwo-yo ] - to give
• 먹다 [ meok-da ] + -어요 = 먹어요 [ meo-geo-yo ] - to eat
• 읽다 [ il-da ] + -어요 = 읽어요 [ il-geo-yo ] - to read
• 배우다 [ bae-u-da ] + -어요 = 배워요 [ bae-wo-yo ] - to learn
• 마시다 [ ma-si-da ] + -어요 = 마셔요 [ ma-syeo-yo ] - to drink
When a verb stem ends with -하다 [ ha-da ] becomes -해요 [ hae-yo ]. -하다 is verbs “‘to do”. Many nouns can be made into present tense by adding the verb -해요. See examples below.
• 일하다 [ il-ha-da ] + -해요 = 일해요 [ il-hae-yo ] - to work
• 공부하다 [ gong-bu-ha-da ] + -해요 = 공부해요 [ gong-bu-hae-yo ] - to study
• 운동하다 [ un-dong-ha-da ] + -해요 = 운동해요 [ un-dong-hae-yo ] - to exercise
• 전화하다 [ jeon-hwa-ha-da ] + -해요 = 전화해요 [ jeon-hwa-hae-yo ] - to make a phone call
• 요리하다 [ yo-ri-ha-da ] + -해요 = 요리해요 [ yo-ri-hae-yo ] - to cook
The only thing that you need to pay attention is that in Korean, adjectives (Korean Adjectives) act and look like verbs (Korean Verbs). Therefore, it’s much easier to think of Korean as having two types of verbs: action verbs (to run, to sleep, to do, to work, to think, to study, etc.) and descriptive verbs (to be happy, to be sad, to be cheap, to be expensive, to be good, to be bad, etc.). These two types of verbs behave a bit differently when it comes to changing tenses, so you need to keep these two types in mind over the next few Learn Korean lessons. Put the descriptive verbs into the present tense just like action verbs. Descriptive verbs take the Korean Subject Marker 이/가. See examples below and continue to Learn Korean Language Lesson 28 - Korean Past Tense.
• 옷이 비싸요. [ o-si-bi-ssa-yo ] - The clothes are expensive.
• 사과가 싸요. [ sa-gwa-ga-bi-ssa-yo ] - The apples are cheap.
• 날씨가 좋아요. [ nal-ssi-ga-jo-a-yo ] - The weather is good.
• 날씨가 추워요. [ nal-ssi-ga-chu-wo-yo ] - The weather is cold.
• 목이 아파요. [ mo-gi-a-pa-yo ] - I have a sore throat.
감사합니다 - Thank you!
earn Korean Language Lesson 28 - Korean Past Tense

Continue from Learn Korean Language Lesson 27 - Korean Present Tense. Today we come to Learn Korean Lesson 28 - Korean Past Tense. In this Learn Korean Language Lesson, You will learn how to answer Korean question like “what did you do yesterday?” and ask them to your Korean friends. To put action verbs (Korean Verbs) and descriptive verbs (Korean Adjectives) into the past tense, first think of the present tense or Korean Informal Polite Sentence Endings, and replace “요” with “ㅆ어요”.
Korean Past Tense
The rule above works with all verbs, including Korean irregular verbs (we will learn this in the future). Do you remember that we added 아요/어요/해요 behind a verb to make sentences in Korean? Korean past tense is very easy, just adding 았어요/었어요/했어요 to a verb or adjective stem makes it past tense. When a verb or adjective stem ends with ㅏ or ㅗ, -았어요 is added. See examples below.
• 가다 [ ga-da ] + -았어요 = 갔어요 [ ga-sseo-yo ] - to go
• 사다 [ sa-da ] + -았어요 = 샀어요 [ sa-sseo-yo ] - to buy
• 자다 [ ja-da ] + -았어요 = 잤어요 [ ja-sseo-yo ] - to sleep
• 오다 [ o-da ] + -았어요 = 왔어요 [ wa-sseo-yo ] - to come
• 보다 [ bo-da ] + -았어요 = 봤어요 [ bwa-sseo-yo ] - to see
• 살다 [ sal-da ] + -았어요 = 살았어요 [ sa-ra-sseo-yo ] - to live
• 만나다 [ man-na-da ] + -았어요 = 만났어요 [ man-na-sseo-yo ] - to meet
• 비싸다 [ bi-ssa-da ] + -았어요 = 비쌌어요 [ bi-ssa-sseo-yo ] - to be expensive
Korean sentences in past tense -았어요.
• 한국에 갔어요. [ han-guk-e-ga-sseo-yo ] - I went to Korea.
• 친구를 만났어요. [ chin-gu-reul-man-na-sseo-yo ] - I met (my) friend.
• 영화를 봤어요. [ yeong-hwa-reul-bwa-sseo-yo ] - I watched a movie.
• 사과가 비쌌어요. [ sa-gwa-ga0bi-ssa-sseo-yo ] - Apples were expensive.
• 지난주에 조금 바빴어요. [ ji-nan-ju-e-jo-geum-ba-bba-sseo-yo ] - I was a little busy last week.
When a verb or adjective stem ends with any other vowel, other thanㅏ or ㅗ, -었어요 is added.
• 주다 [ ju-da ] + -었어요 = 줬어요 [ jwo-sseo-yo ] - to give
• 먹다 [ meok-da ] + -었어요 = 먹었어요 [ meo-geo-sseo-yo ] - to eat
• 읽다 [ il-da ] + -었어요 = 읽었어요 [ il-geo-sseo-yo ] - to read
• 배우다 [ bae-u-da ] + -었어요 = 배웠어요 [ bae-wo-sseo-yo ] - to learn
• 만들다 [ man-deul-da ] + -었어요 = 만들었어요 [ man-deu-reo-sseo-yo ] - to make
Korean sentences in past tense -었어요.
• 밥을 먹었어요. [ bap-eul-meo-geo-sseo-yo ] - I ate (my) meal.
• 책을 읽었어요. [ chaek-eul-il-geo-sseo-yo ] - I read a book.
• 음식을 만들었어요. [ eum-sik-eul-man-deu-reo-sseo-yo ] - I cooked (some) food.
We have learned that when verb stems ending with a vowel ㅣ, ㅣ + -어요 results in -여요. For example, 마시다 becomes 마셔요 and 가르치다 becomes 가르쳐요. Adding -었어요 to a verb or adjective stem ending with vowel ㅣ results in -였어요.
• 가르치다 [ ga-reu-chi-da ] + -었어요 = 가르쳤어요 [ ga-reu-chyeo-sseo-yo ] - to teach
• 마시다 [ ma-si-da ] + -었어요 = 마셨어요 [ ma-syeo-sseo-yo ] - to drink
Korean sentences in past tense -였어요.
• 일본어를 가르쳤어요. [ il-bon-eo-reul-ga-reu-chyeo-sseo-yo ] - I taught Japanese.
• 물을 마셨어요. [ mu-reul-ma-syeo-sseo-yo ] - I drank water.
When a verb or adjective ends with -하다 [ ha-da ], change 하다 to -했어요. -하다 is verbs “to do”. Many nouns can be made into past tense by adding the verb -했어요. See examples below and continue to Learn Korean Language Lesson 29 - Korean Time.
• 일하다 [ il-ha-da ] + -했어요 = 일했어요 [ il-hae-sseo-yo ] - to work
• 공부하다 [ gong-bu-ha-da ] + -했어요 = 공부했어요 [ gong-bu-hae-sseo-yo ] - to study
• 운동하다 [ un-dong-ha-da ] + -했어요 = 운동했어요 [ un-dong-hae-sseo-yo ] - to exercise
• 전화하다 [ jeon-hwa-ha-da ] + -했어요 = 전화했어요 [ jeon-hwa-hae-sseo-yo ] - to make a phone call
• 요리하다 [ yo-ri-ha-da ] + -했어요 = 요리했어요 [ yo-ri-hae-sseo-yo ] - to cook
• 운전하다 [ un-jeon-ha-da ] + -했어요 = 운전했어요 [ un-jeon-hae-sseo-yo ] - to drive
• 수영하다 [ su-yeong-ha-da ] + -했어요 = 수영했어요 [ su-yeong-hae-sseo-yo ] - to swim
• 청소하다 [ cheong-so-ha-da ] + -했어요 = 청소했어요 [ cheong-so-hae-sseo-yo ] - to clean
• 빨래하다 [ bbal-lae-ha-da ] + -했어요 = 빨래했어요 [ bbal-lae-hae-sseo-yo ] - to do laundry
• 복잡하다 [ bok-jap-ha-da ] + -했어요 = 복잡했어요 [ bok-jap-hae-sseo-yo ] - to be crowded
Korean sentences in past tense -했어요.
• 방을 청소했어요. [ bang-eul-cheong-so-hae-sseo-yo ] - I cleaned my room.
• 친구가 전화했어요. [ chin-gu-ga-jeon-hwa-hae-sseo-yo ] - A friend of mine called.
• 어제 빨래했어요. [ eo-je-bbal-lae-hae-sseo-yo ] - I did laundry yesterday.
• 어제 공원에서 운동했어요. [ eo-je-gong-won-e-seo-un-dong-hae-sseo-yo ] - I exercised at the park yesterday.
• 길이 복잡했어요. [ gil-i-bok-jap-hae-sseo-yo ] - The road was crowded.
감사합니다 - Thank you!
Learn Korean Language Lesson 29 - Korean Time

Continue from Learn Korean Language Lesson 28 - Korean Past Tense. Today we come to Learn Korean Lesson 29 - Korean Time. In this Learn Korean Language Lesson, we will learn Korean Time. When telling time, Pure Korean numbers are used for the hour and Sino-Korean numbers (Chinese derived) are used for the minutes. Previously, in Korean numbers, we have learned that Pure Korean numbers are used for counting and Sino-Korean numbers are used for reading.
Korean Time
한
두 오
세 십
네 십오
다섯 이십
여섯 시 이십오 분
일곱 삼십
여덟 삼십오
아홉 사십
열 사십오
열한 오십
열두 오십오
Let’s think about this, traditionally, when we counting the clock one round, two round equals to one hour, two hour, hence, Pure Korean numbers are used. For minutes, we read it from the scale, 15 minutes, 30 minutes, Sino-Korean numbers are used. Expressing or reading the time in Korean, hours and is minutes are read differently. Hours - 시 [ si ] are read using the native Korean numbers, while minutes - 분 [ bun ] are read using the Sino-Korean numbers. Just like dates which we have learned in Korean Days of The Week, times are read from the largest to the smallest unit. For example, Friday, 9 in the morning will be read as 금요일 아침 아홉시 [ geum-yo-il-a-chim-a-hop-si ] but not 아홉시 아침 금요일 [ a-hop-si-a-chim-geum-yo-il ]. See examples below.
• 2시 - 두 시 [ du-si ]
• 3시 10분 - 세 시 십 분 [ se-si-sip-bun ]
• 6시 - 여섯 시 [ yeo-seot-si ]
• 10시 - 열 시 [ yeol-si ]
• 1시 10분 - 한 시 십 분 [ han-si-sip-bun ]
• 4시 45분 - 네 시 사십오 분 [ ne-si-sa-sip-o-bun ]
• 6시 30분 - 여섯 시 삼십 분/ 여섯 시 반 [ yeo-seot-si-sam-sip-bun/yeo-seot-si-ban ]
Another way of saying 삼십 분 (30 minutes) is 반 (half), for example, 7:30 - 일곱시 삼십분 = 일곱시 반 [ il-gop-si-sam-sip-bun = il-gop-si-ban ]. When telling time, 새벽 [ sae-byeok ] means “midnight” (12 am to 6 am), 아침/오전 [ a-chim/o-jeon ] both means “morning” (6 am to 9 am/9 am to 12 pm) , 오후 [ o-hu ] means “afternoon” (12 pm to 6 pm), 저녁 [ jeo-nyeok ] means “evening” (6 pm to 9 pm) and 밤 [ bam ] means “night” (9 pm to 12 am). See examples below.
• 1:00 am - 새벽 한 시 [ sae-byeok-han-si ]
• 3:55 am - 새벽 세 시 오십오 분 [ sae-byeok-se-si-o-sip-o-bun ]
• 7:35 am - 아침 일곱 시 삼십오 분 [ a-chim-il-gop-si-sam-sip-o-bun ]
• 8:42 am - 아침 여덟 시 사십이 분 [ a-chim-yeo-deol-si-sa-sip-i-bun ]
• 9:00 am - 아침 아홉 시 [ a-chim-a-hop-si ]
• 11:00 am - 오전 열한 시 [ o-jeon-yeo-ran-si ]
• 12:00 pm - 오후 열두 시 [ o-hu-yeol-du-si ]
• 1:28 pm - 오후 한 시 이십팔 분 [ o-hu-han-si-i-sip-pal-bun ]
• 2:00 pm - 오후 두 시 [ o-hu-du-si ]
• 4:20 pm - 오후 네 시 이십 분 [ o-hu-ne-si-i-sip-bun ]
• 6:10 pm - 저녁 여섯 시 십 분 [ jeo-nyeok-yeo-seot-si-sip-bun ]
• 7:00 pm - 저녁 일곱 시 [ jeo-nyeok-il-gop-si ]
• 9:30 pm - 밤 아홉 시 삼십 분/ 밤 아홉 시 반 [ bam-a-hop-si-sam-sip-bun/bam-a-hop-si-ban ]
• 11:00 pm - 밤 열한 시 [ bam-yeo-ran-si ]
For meals, when you use the word [ sik-sa ], use it with 해요 [ hae-yo ] and not 먹어요 [ meo-geo-yo ]. For example, 밥을 먹어요 [ ba-beul-meo-geo-yo ] - I eat rice. But for 식사 , you need to say 식사를 해요 [ sik-sa-reul-hae-yo ] - I take meal (don’t forget the Korean Object Marker - which is a particle used to identify the object of a verb in a sentence). See examples below.
• Breakfast - 아침 (식사) [ a-chim (sik-sa) ]
• Lunch - 점심 (식사) [ jeom-sim (sik-sa) ]
• Dinner - 저녁 (식사) [ jeo-nyeok (sik-sa) ]
When referring to past or future. Use those words below.
• Before - 전에 [ jeon-e ]
• A little while ago - 아까 [ a-gga ] - spoken language
• Now - 지금 [ ji-geum ]
• A little while later - 이따가 [ i-dda-ga ] - within one day - spoken language
• Later - 나중에 [ na-jung-e ]
The Korean Time Marker - 에 is used to indicate the time when something takes place and is attached to the unit of time. We have learn -에 in Learn Korean Language Lesson 20. Now, you can try to make your own Korean sentences with Korean Time! You may read the examples below before you make your own!
• 아침 일곱 시에 일어나요. [ a-chim-il-gop-si-e-i-reo-na-yo ] - I wake up at 7:00 in the morning.
• 일곱 시 십 분에 세수해요. [ il-gop-si-sip-bun-e-se-su-hae-yo ] - I wash my face at 7:10
• 여덟 시에 밥을 먹어요. [ yeo-deol-si-e-ba-beul-meo-geo-yo ] - I eat my meals at 8:00.
• 여덟 시 반에 학교에 가요. [ yeo-deol-si-ban-e-hak-gyo-e-ga-yo ] - I go to school at 8:30.
• 다섯 시에 집에 와요. [ da-seot-si-e-ji-be-wa-yo ] - I come home at 5:00.
• 열한 시에 자요. [ yeo-ran-si-e-ja-yo ] - I go to bed at 11:00.
Here are some expressions to use when asking or answering questions about time. Korean Question Word - What - 몇 is attached to the noun 시 to ask questions related to time. We will learn this in the next lesson. For the time being, just read the examples below and try to understand. Continue to Learn Korean Language Lesson 30 - Korean Question Word - What.
• 몇 시예요? [ myeot-si-ye-yo ] - What time is it?
• 몇 시에 집에 가요? [ myeot-si-e-ji-be-ga-yo ] - What time do you go home?
• 몇 시에 밥을 먹었어요? [ myeot-si-e-ba-beul-meo-geo-sseo-yo ] - What time did you eat (your meal)?
감사합니다 - Thank you!
earn Korean Language Lesson 30 - Korean Question Word - What

Continue from Learn Korean Language Lesson 29 - Korean Time. Today we come to Learn Korean Lesson 30 - Korean Question Word - What. In this Learn Korean Language Lesson, we will learn Korean Question Word - What - 몇 [ myeot ]. This Korean Question Word - What is different from what we have learned in Learn Korean Language Lesson 6 - Korean Question Word - What - 뭐 [ mwo ] even though both of them are used to form Korean interrogative sentence (question).
Korean Question Word - What
뭐 is use to ask questions such as what is this? what is that? what is your name? etc, etc. 무엇 [ mu-eot ] is same as 뭐 but used in formal writing. 무엇 can be used with 이에요/입니까 to form questions (formal). Let’s Learn Korean question word - what - 몇 today and use it in your conversation. First of all 몇 can be used with 시 when asking the time. When you want to ask what time something occurs, use the question word 몇 시 with the Korean Time Marker - 에.
• 몇 시예요? [ myeot-si-ye-yo ] - What time is it?
• 지금 몇 시예요? [ ji-geum-myeot0si0ye-yo ] - What time is it now?
• 몇 시에 집에 가요? [ myeot-si-e-ji-be-ga-yo ] - What time do you go home?
• 몇 시에 학교에 가요? [ myeot-si-e-hak-gyo-e-ga-yo ] - What time do you go to school?
• 몇 시에 영화를 봐요? [ myeot-si-e-yeong-hwa-reul-bwa-yo ] - What time do you watch movie?
• 몇 시에 밥을 먹었어요? [ myeot-si-e-ba-beul-meo-geo-sseo-yo ] - What time did you eat (your meal)?
몇 can be used with Korean Counting Units when asking the number of things. Always used the appropriate counting units after 몇 and before the Korean Verbs. Use it with Korean Sentence Endings Expressing Location or Existence to expresses location or existence.
• 가족이 모두 몇 명 있어요? [ ga-jo-gi-mo-du-myeot-myeong-i-sseo-yo ] - How many people are in your family? (view Korean Vocabulary - Family Terms)
• 책이 몇 권 있어요? [ chae-gi-myeot-gwon-i-sseo-yo ] - How many books do you have?
• 표가 몇 장 있어요? [ pyo-ga-myeot-jang-i-sseo-yo ] - How many tickets do you have?
• 커피가 몇 잔 있어요? [ keo-pi-ga-myeot-jan-i-sseo-yo ] - How many coffee do you have?
• 사과가 몇 개 있어요? [ sa-gwa-ga-myeot-gae-i-sseeo-yo ] - How many apples do you have?
• 컴퓨터가 몇 대 있어요? [ keom-pyu-teo-ga-myeot-dae-i-sseo-yo ] - How many computer do you have?
In Korean, 몇 can also be used with 번 [ beon ] to ask for a number (not a quantity, but a number). Use it like asking “What number” in English to ask about telephone number, ticket number, parking space number, or driver’s license number etc, etc. 몇 번 can also be used when asking the about frequency. Use it like asking “How many times” in English. Continue to Learn Korean Lesson 31.
• 집 전화번호가 몇 번이에요? [ jip-jeon-hwa-beon-ho-ga-myeot-beon-i-e-yo ] - What is your home phone number?
• 병원 전화번호가 몇 번이에요? [ byeong-won-jeon-hwa-beon-ho-ga-myeot-beon-i-e-yo ] - What is hospital phone number?
• 아론 씨 전화번호가 몇 번이에요? [ a-ron-ssi-jeon-hwa-beon-ho-ga-myeot-beon-i-e-yo ] - What is Aaron’s number?
• 마크 씨 회사 전화번호가 몇 번이에요? [ ma-keu-sssi-hoe-sa-jeon-hwa-beon-ho-ga-myeot-beon-i-e-yo ] - What is Mark’s office phone number?
• 안나 씨 핸드폰 번호가 몇 번이에요? [ an-na-ssi-haen-deu-pon-beon-ho-ga-myeot-beon-i-e-yo ] - What is Anna’s handphone number?
• 일 년에 몇 번 여행 가요? [ il-nyeon-e-myeot-beon-yeo-haeng-ga-yo ] - How many times a year do you travel?
감사합니다 - Thank you!
Learn Korean Language Lesson 31 - Korean Conjunction - And

Continue from Lesson 30 - Korean Question Word - What. Today we come to learn Korean Conjunction - And. In this Learn Korean Language Lesson, we will learn Korean Conjunction - And - 서 [ seo ]. This Conjunction - And is different from what we have learned in Learn Korean Language Lesson 23 - Korean Conjunction - And. Do you remember what we have learned before? Now, we will first learn the new Korean Conjunction and subsequently look at the differences between both of them: 서 vs 고.
Korean Conjunction - And
The pattern for this Korean conjunction is very simple as long as you know how to use the Korean Informal Polite Sentence Endings. The rules are the same! We have 아요/어요/해요, you will just need to replace the “요” with 서 and it will become either 아서/어서/해서 which is attached to the stem of the action verb in the first clause. In terms of chronology, the action expressed in the first clause occurs before the second. 아서/어서/해서 is used when a subject performs two actions one after the other. It signifies that the second action occurs in connection with the first, but follows after it in time sequence. Read the rules below.
When a verb stem ends with the vowel ㅏ or ㅗ, -아서 is added. See examples below.
• 가다 [ ga-da ] + -어서 = 가서 [ ga-seo ] - to go
• 사다 [ sa-da ] + -어서 = 사서 [ sa-seo ] - to buy
• 자다 [ ja-da ] + -어서 = 자서 [ ja-seo ] - to sleep
• 오다 [ o -da ] + -어서 = 와서 [ wa-seo ] - to come
• 보다 [ bo-da ] + -어서 = 봐서 [ bwa-seo ] - to see
• 살다 [ sal-da ] + -어서 = 살아서 [ sa-ra-seo ] - to live
• 만나다 [ man-na-da ] + -어서 = 만나서 [ man-na-seo ] - to meet
When a verb stem ends with a vowel other thanㅏ or ㅗ, -어서 is added. But verb stems ending with a vowel ㅣ, ㅣ + -어서 results in -여서. For example, 마시다 becomes 마셔서 and 가르치다 becomes 가르쳐서. See examples below.
• 주다 [ ju-da ] + -어서 = 줘서 [ jwo-seo ] - to give
• 먹다 [ meok-da ] + -어서 = 먹어서 [ meo-geo-seo ] - to eat
• 읽다 [ il-da ] + -어서 = 읽어서 [ il-geo-seo ] - to read
• 배우다 [ bae-u-da ] + -어서 = 배워요 [ bae-wo-seo ] - to learn
• 마시다 [ ma-si-da ] + -어서 = 마셔요 [ ma-syeo-seo ] - to drink
• 만들다 [ man-deul-da ] + -어서 = 만들어서 [ man-deu-reo-seo ] - to make.
• 가르치다 [ ga-reu-chi-da ] + -어서 = 가르쳐서 [ ga-reu-chyeo-seo ] - to teach.
When a verb stem ends with -하다 [ ha-da ] becomes -해서 [ hae-seo ]. -하다 is verbs “‘to do”. Many nouns can be made into present tense by adding the verb -해서. See examples below.
• 일하다 [ il-ha-da ] + -해서 = 일해서 [ il-hae-seo ] - to work
• 공부하다 [ gong-bu-ha-da ] + -해서 = 공부해서 [ gong-bu-hae-seo ] - to study
• 운동하다 [ un-dong-ha-da ] + -해서 = 운동해서 [ un-dong-hae-seo ] - to exercise
• 전화하다 [ jeon-hwa-ha-da ] + -해서 = 전화해서 [ jeon-hwa-hae-seo ] - to make a phone call
• 요리하다 [ yo-ri-ha-da ] + -해서 = 요리해서 [ yo-ri-hae-seo ] - to cook
• 운전하다 [ un-jeon-ha-da ] + -해서 = 운전해서 [ un-jeon-hae-seo ] - to drive
• 수영하다 [ su-yeong-ha-da ] + -해서 = 수영해서 [ su-yeong-hae-seo ] - to swim
Now, you can try to make your own Korean sentences with Korean Conjunction - 서 (and) and what you have learned from the previous Learn Korean Lessons. You may read the examples below before you make your own!
• 아침에 일어나서 세수해요. [ a-chim-e-i-reo-na-seo-se-su-hae-yo ] - I wake up in the morning and wash my face.
• 도서관에 가서 공부했어요. [ do-seo-gwan-e-ga-seo-gong-bu-hae-sseo-yo ] - I went to the library and studied.
• 저녁에 친구를 만나서 영화를 봤어요. [ jeo-nyeok-e-chin-gu-reul-man-na-seo-yeong-hwa-reul-bwa-sseo-yo ] - I met my friend in the evening and watched a movie.
• 점심에 김밥을 만들어서 먹었어요. [ jeom-sim-e-gim-ba-beul-man-deu-reo-seo-meo-geo-sseo-yo ] - I made kimbap at lunchtime and ate (it).
Important!!! Remember that we have learned the Korean Past Tense in Learn Korean Language Lesson 28? When there are two Korean Verbs, past tense is expressed only in the second verb, not in the first one. The correct one will be as above.
• 도서관에 갔어서 공부했어요 - This is WRONG!
• 저녁에 친구를 만났어서 영화를 봤어요. - This is WRONG!
• 점심에 김밥을 만들었어서 먹었어요. - This is WRONG!
Differences between Korean Conjunction 서 and 고
Remember that we have learned 하고 and 고 in Learn Korean Language Lesson 23? 하고 (and) is use to connect two nouns but 고 is use to connect two sentences. So, we will just need to look at the differences between 고 and 서 because both of them are used to indicate a sequence of actions or events, they signify a different relationship among the clauses they link together. However, with -아서/어서/해서, the first and second clauses are closely related. The action in the second clause is connected with the action in the preceding clause. But with 고, the action in the first clause is usually completed before the action in the second clause occurs. See examples below.
• 친구를 만나고 영화를 봤어요. [ Chin-gu-reul-man-na-go-yeong-hwa-reul-bwa-sseo-yo ] - I met my friend and watched a movie (alone).
• 친구를 만나서 영화를 봤어요. [ chin-gu-reul-man-na-seo-yeong-hwa-reul-bwa-sseo-yo ] - I met my friend and watched a movie (with my friend).
감사합니다 - Thank you!
earn Korean Language Lesson 32 - Korean Question Word - How

Continue from Lesson 31 - Korean Conjunction - And. Today we come to learn Korean question word - how. In this learn Korean language lesson, we will learn question word - how - 어때요 [ eo-ddae-yo ]. It has the same meaning as English question word - how. However, in Korean, it is use to give a suggestion. So, even though we use it like English word - how, but we use it to suggest, propose or offer something in a friendly manner such as how is something or how is someone? Let’s start!
Korean Question Word - How
When proposing or offering something in a friendly manner, you can use 어때요? It is commonly used to ask for the listener’s thought about the speaker’s proposal. You can simply add 어때요? to the end of the noun. The intonation rises up in the end of the sentence. Like in Comparison of Korean and English and How are English words pronounced in Korean? Together with Korean Subject Marker 이 or 가, The formula “…이/가 어때요?” means “how is something/someone?” Korean Topic Marker 은 or 는 can be use with question word - how - 어때요 too. However, it is use when one wants to stress a new topic.
You may need to refer back both learn Korean language Lesson 4 for Korean topic marker and Lesson 11 for Korean subject marker and understand the difference between both of them. Basically, they are most commonly used noun particles are those used to mark the subject of the sentence and those used to mark the topic of a sentence. Use topic marker 은/는 after the noun and then ask 어때요? The formula “(noun)은/는 어때요?” means “How about (noun)?”
“…가 어때요?” is used with nouns ending in a vowel and “…이 어때요?” is used with nouns that end in a consonant.
“…는 어때요?” is used with nouns ending in a vowel and “…은 어때요?” is used with nouns that end in a consonant.
Read examples below:
• 한국어 공부가 어때요? [ han-gu-geo-gong-bu-ga-eo-ddae-yo ] - How do you like studying Korean?
• 동대문 시장이 어때요? [ dong-dae-mun-si-jang-i-eo-ddae-yo ] - How is Dongdaemun market?
• 오늘 날씨가 어때요? [ o-neul-nal-ssi-ga-eo-ddae-yo ] - How is the weather today?
• 김치가 어때요? [ kim-chi-ga-eo-ddae-yo ] - How do you like Kimchi?
• 토요일은 어때요? [ to-yo-il-eun-eo-ddae-yo ] - How about Saturday.
Be careful!
When connecting this word to Korean verbs which refer to an action (view also Korean adjectives), add “…는 게 어때요?” to the end of the verb stem.
• 커피가 어때요? [ keo-pi-ga-eo-ddae-yo ] - how about coffee?
• 내일 집에서 쉬는 게 어때요? [ nae-il-ji-be-seo-swi-neun-ge-eo-ddae-yo ] - How about resting at home tomorrow?
Learn Korean Language Flashback
Do you remember that we have learned Korean Place Marker in learn Korean language lesson 15? We use the particle -에서 together with Korean verb 오다 to ask someone about their nationality. “에서 오다” means “from”. Use that formula with Korean Question Word - Where 어디 to ask “Where are you from?”, you can say “어디에서 왔어요?” [ eo-di-e-seo-wa-sseo-yo ]. When answering a question, the question and answer can be almost the same by replacing the 어디 to Countries.
• 빌리는 캐나다에서 왔어요. [ bil-li-neun-kae-na-da-e-seo-wa-sseo-yo ] - Billy is from Canada.
• 친구가 미국에서 와요. [ chin-gu-ga-mi-guk-e-seo-wa-yo ] - A friend of mine is coming from America.
• 저는 일본에서 왔어요. [ jeo-neun-il-bon-e-seo-wa-sseo-yo ] - I’m from Japan.
감사합니다 - Thank you!
earn Korean Language Lesson 33 - Korean Conjunction - But

Continue from Lesson 32 - Korean Question Word - How. Today we come to learn Korean Conjunction - But. In this learn Korean language lesson, we will learn conjunction - But - 지만 [ ji-man ]. It has the same meaning as English question word - how. In Korean, it is use to shows a contrast between the two sentences. 지만 is a coordinating conjunction used to connect two sentences together in a way that shows a contrast between the two. 지만 is added to the stem of the verb or adjective in the first sentence. Let’s start!
Korean Conjunction - But
We have learned Korean Conjunction - And in learn Korean language Lesson 23 and Lesson 31. To indicates a contrast between what is said before and after, use 지만. It is a coordinating conjunction used to connect two sentences together in a way that shows a contrast between the two. 지만 is added to the stem of the Korean Verbs or Korean Adjectives in the first sentence. Simply add it to the end of the verb or adjective stem regardless of whether it ends in a vowel or a consonant. For example, when the food was expensive but not very tasty, add this Korean conjunction to the end of the adjective stem to make contrast between expensive and tasteless. When you want to watch a movie but have no time, use it to show contrast between your desire and unavailability. See examples below.
• 이 식당은 비싸지만 맛이 없어요. [ i-sik-dang-eun-bi-ssa-ji-man-ma-si-eop-seo-yo ] - This restaurant is expensive but not very tasty.
• 그 영화를 보고 싶지만 시간이 없어요. [ geu-yeong-hwa-reul-bo-go-sip-ji-man-si-gan-i-eop-seo-yo ] - I want to watch that movie but I have no time.
• 토요일에는 하지만 일요일에는 하지 않아요. [ to-yo-il-e-neun-ha-ji-man-il-yo-il-e-neun-ha-ji-an-a-yo ] - It opens Saturday but closes on Sunday.
• 한국 친구가 있지만 자주 만날 수 없어요. [ han-guk-chin-gu-ga-it-ji-man-ja-ju-man-nal-su-eop-seo-yo ] - I have a Korean friend but we can’t meet often.
When two sentences are connected using 지만, the repeated part in the second sentence is usually omitted.
• 저는 학교에 가지만 친구는 학교에 안 가요. [ jeo-neun-hak-gyo-e-ga-ji-man-chin-gu-neun-hak-gyo-e-an-ga-yo ] - I go to school, but my friend doesn’t go to school.
• 저는 학교에 가지만 친구는 안 가요. [ jeo-neun-hak-gyo-e-ga-ji-man-chin-gu-neun-an-ga-yo ] - I go to school, but my friend doesn’t.
To make contrasts involving the past, 았/었지만 is used adding 았/었 to 지만 to indicate the Korean Past Tense. Simply replace 어요 in 았/었어요 with 지만.
• 어젯밤에 그 일을 했지만 안 가져 왔어요. [ i-jet-bam-e-geu-il-eul-haet-ji-man-an-ga-jyeo-wa-sseo-yo ] - I did the work last night but did not bring it with me.
• 아까 점심을 먹었지만 배가 고파요. [ a-gga-jeom-sim-eul-meo-geot-ji-man-bae-ga-go-pa-yo ] - I ate lunch a while ago but I am still hungry.
Learn Korean Language Flashback
Here are the learn Korean language flashback of previous lessons. Do you remember that we have learned Korean Irregular Verbs, the “Gangster Group” in Korean Hangeul system? There are a total of five Korean Irregular Verbs: ㄷ, ㅂ, ㄹ, 으 and 르. Let’s revise the ㅂ irregular verbs here. For more details, please revise that lesson. In Korean there are two types of verbs: Korean Action Verbs (to run, to sleep, to do, to work, to think, to study, etc.) and Descriptive Verbs which is the adjectives (to be happy, to be sad, to be cheap, to be expensive, to be good, to be bad, etc.). These two types of verbs are same when it comes to irregular. When an adjective stem ending in ㅂ is followed by the vowel 아, 어 or 으, the ㅂ changes to 우.
• 덥다 [ deop-da ] → 덥 + 어요 = 더워요 [ deo-wo-yo ] - to be hot
• 맵다 [ maep-da ] → 맵 + 어요 = 매워요 [ mae-wo-yo ] - to be hot (spicy)
• 춥다 [ chup-da ] → 춥 + 어요 = 추워요 [ chu-wo-yo ] - to be cold
• 쉽다 [ swip-da ] → 쉽 + 어요 = 쉬워요 [ swi-wo-yo ] - to be easy
• 어렵다 [ eo-ryeop-da ] → 어렵 + 어요 = 어려워요 [ eo-ryeo-wo-yo ] - to be difficult
For examples:
• 날씨가 더워요. [ nal-ssi-ga-deo-wo-yo ] - It is hot.
• 한국 신문이 어려워요. [ han-guk-sin-mun-i-eo-ryeo-wo-yo ] - It is difficult to read a Korean newspaper.
-지만 -아/어요 -았/었어요 -아/어서
덥다 덥지만 더워요 더웠어요 더워서
맵다 맵지만 매워요 매웠어요 매워서
춥다 춥지만 추워요 추웠어요 추워서
쉽다 쉽지만 쉬워요 쉬웠어요 쉬워서
어렵다 어렵지만 어려워요 어려웠어요 어려워서
감사합니다 - Thank you!